Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Adekoya N[original query] |
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Disparities in rates of death from HIV or tuberculosis before age 65 years, by race, ethnicity, and sex, United States, 2011-2020
Adekoya N , Chang MH , Wortham J , Truman BI . Public Health Rep 2023 333549231213328 OBJECTIVE: Death from tuberculosis or HIV among people from racial and ethnic minority groups who are aged <65 years is a public health concern. We describe age-adjusted, absolute, and relative death rates from HIV or tuberculosis from 2011 through 2020 by sex, race, and ethnicity among US residents. METHODS: We used mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention online data system on deaths from multiple causes from 2011 through 2020 to calculate age-adjusted death rates and absolute and relative disparities in rates of death by sex, race, and ethnicity. We calculated corresponding 95% CIs for all rates and determined significance at P < .05 by using z tests. RESULTS: For tuberculosis, when compared with non-Hispanic White residents, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native residents had the highest level of disparity in rate of death (666.7%). Similarly, as compared with non-Hispanic White female residents, American Indian or Alaska Native female residents had a high relative disparity in death from tuberculosis (620.0%). For HIV, the age-adjusted death rate was more than 8 times higher among non-Hispanic Black residents than among non-Hispanic White residents, and the relative disparity was 735.1%. When compared with non-Hispanic White female residents, Black female residents had a high relative disparity in death from HIV (1529.2%). CONCLUSION: Large disparities in rates of death from tuberculosis or HIV among US residents aged <65 years based on sex, race, and ethnicity indicate an ongoing unmet need for effective interventions. Intervention strategies are needed to address disparities in rates of death and infection among racial and ethnic minority populations. |
Characteristics of emergency department patient visits referred for follow-up medical care after discharge, National Hospital Ambulatory Medicare Care Survey-United States, 2018
Adekoya N , Roberts H , Truman BI . Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2022 9 23333928221111269 OBJECTIVE: To describe characteristics of a nationally representative sample of patient visits that ended with a referral for follow-up medical care after discharge from hospital emergency department (ED) visits. METHODS: We used 2018 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data to identify patient characteristics associated with higher rates of visits with referrals for follow-up medical care after ED discharge from nonfederal short-stay and general hospitals throughout the United States. Referral included categories of all disposition variables that indicated referral to a source of care consistent with the patient's clinical condition at ED discharge. RESULTS: Approximately 97 million of 130 million visits (29700/100000 US resident population) were referred for follow-up medical care during 2018. Visit referral rates were higher among females (33100) than among males (26300/100000 population); higher among Black patients (61700) than among White patients (25600/100000 population); highest in the South (33200/100000 population); and similar rates in Nonmetropolitan (29900/100000 population) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (30200/100000 population). Visit referral rates were higher for patients with Medicaid/Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (66900) than those with Medicare (31500) or private insurance (14000/100000 population). Abnormal clinical findings and injuries were the discharge diagnoses most often referred for follow-up medical care. CONCLUSION: Higher visit referral rates were observed among female sex, non-Hispanic Black race, Medicaid/CHIP, abnormal clinical findings, and injuries. Future studies might reveal reasons that prompted higher referral rates among various patients' characteristics. |
Incidence of notifiable diseases among American Indians/Alaska Natives - United States, 2007-2011
Adekoya N , Truman B , Landen M . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015 64 (1) 16-19 American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations experience substantial disparities in the incidence of multiple diseases compared with other racial/ethnic groups in the United States. A major goal of Healthy People 2020 is to eliminate health disparities, monitor disease trends, and identify population groups and diseases for targeted interventions. High rates of certain infectious diseases continue to be a major problem facing AI/AN populations. During 1990-2011, incidence rates for some infectious diseases declined among AI/AN populations, but disparities remain and AI/AN populations are still disproportionately affected. To describe disparities in selected notifiable diseases among AI/ANs, CDC analyzed data from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) for 2007-2011, the most recent 5 years for which data are available. The results of this analysis of 26 infectious diseases indicate that incidence rates of 14 diseases were higher for AI/ANs than for whites. Interventions are needed to address and reduce disparities in chlamydia, gonorrhea, West Nile virus, spotted fever rickettsiosis, and other infections among AI/ANs. |
Completeness of reporting of race and ethnicity data in the Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, United States, 2006-2010
Adekoya N , Truman BI , Ajani UA . J Public Health Manag Pract 2014 21 (2) E16-22 CONTEXT: During 1994-1997, approximately 70% and 60% of the cases of conditions reported to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System included persons of known race and ethnicity, respectively. A major goal of the Healthy People 2020 initiative is to eliminate health disparities. OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in the completeness of race and ethnicity in case reports of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System during 2006-2010. METHODS: The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System is a public health surveillance system that aggregates case reports of infectious diseases and conditions that are designated nationally notifiable and are collected by US states and territories. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, Georgia) maintains this surveillance system in collaboration with the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. We used Cochran-Armitage Trend Test (SAS, version 9.2) to test the hypothesis that the percentage of case reports with the completeness of race and ethnicity data increased or decreased linearly during 2006-2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Completeness of race and ethnicity variables. RESULTS: The 32 conditions reviewed included 1030804 case records. Seventy percent of records included a known value for race, and 49% of records included ethnicity during 2006-2010. During 2006-2010, race was known in 70% or more of records in 24 of 32 conditions and in 23 of 51 jurisdictions. During 2006-2010, the systemwide reporting of race remained at the same level of completeness (70%) but the reporting of ethnicity increased slightly from 48% in 2006 to 53% in 2010. In comparison with race, the proportions of records coded to ethnicity were less among all conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Significant change has occurred in the completeness of reporting of ethnicity but not race during 2006-2010. However, the reporting of ethnicity still lags substantially behind the reporting of race. Jurisdictions that identify conditions with lower rates of completeness of race and ethnicity can assess the net benefits of efforts to improve the completeness of race and ethnicity data. |
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